Geoid determination using airborne gravity

Geoid determination using airborne gravity42 DownloadsGoli, M., Foroughi, I., Pagiatakis, S. et al. Geoid determination using airborne gravity vectors. Earth Planets Space 77, 167 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-025-02277-8 Abstract In traditional airborne...

A New Method to Model the Ionosphere across Local Area Networks

A New Method to Model the Ionosphere across Local Area Networks37 DownloadsABSTRACT In addition to an overall quasi-periodic 24 hour cycle, the ionosphere features many irregular disturbances. The detailed structure and dynamical evolution of the ionosphere continues...

Building Up On Railway Coordinates

Building Up On Railway Coordinates32 DownloadsSummary The goal of the interdisciplinary, international meeting called “railway project 2009” was to outline the requirements needed to progress towards interoperable railway infrastructure data based on absolute...

Development of SydNET Permanent Real-time GPS Network

Development of SydNET Permanent Real-time GPS Network29 DownloadsAbstract Over the past few years, there has been substantial growth in multiple-reference-station networks used to overcome the limitations of standard real-time kinematic (RTK) systems. SydNET is a...

Fitting Gravimetric Geoid Models to Vertical Deflections

Fitting Gravimetric Geoid Models to Vertical Deflections41 DownloadsAbstract Regional gravimetric geoid and quasigeoid models are now commonly fitted to GPS-levelling data, which simultaneously absorbs levelling, GPS and quasi/geoid errors due to their inseparability....

Confidence Intervals

Confidence Intervals30 DownloadsProbability foundations This article discusses confidence intervals of a random variable. Random variables draw their values from some underlying probability distribution, and, in this note, we’ll use the normal probability...

Useful Statistics for Land Surveyors

Useful Statistics for Land Surveyors35 DownloadsForeword In earlier days when only transits and tapes were used for traversing, surveyors had guidelines for detecting blunders in their surveys, utilizing closures in a traverse. Modern equipment has changed accuracies...